Synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from the United States.

TitleSynthetic musk fragrances in human milk from the United States.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2007
AuthorsReiner, JL, Wong, CM, Arcaro, KF, Kannan, K
JournalEnvironmental science & technology
Volume41
Issue11
Pagination3815-20
Date Published2007 Jun 1
KeywordsAdult, Benzopyrans, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Infant, Massachusetts, Milk, Human, Perfume, Polycyclic Compounds, Tetrahydronaphthalenes, United States, Xylenes
AbstractSynthetic musk compounds are used as additives in many consumer products, including perfumes, deodorants, and detergents. Earlier studies have reported the occurrence of synthetic musks in environmental and wildlife samples collected in the United States. In this study, human breast milk samples collected from Massachusetts, were analyzed for the determination of concentrations of synthetic musks such as musk xylene (1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), musk ketone (4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitroacetophenone), HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[gamma]-2-benzopyran), AHTN (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene), and HHCB-lactone, the oxidation product of HHCB. In addition, we estimated the daily intake of synthetic musks by infants based on the ingestion rate of breast milk. Synthetic musks were found in most of the samples analyzed, and the concentrations ranged from
Alternate JournalEnviron. Sci. Technol.